Fluid-pressure motor



Dec. 24, 1929. T. R. E. RUNDQVIST FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 17,1923 Patented Dec. 24-, 1929 UNETEE STATES hATENT OFFIQE THORE R. E.RUNDQVIST, OF CLABEMONT, NElV HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO SULLIVAN MACHINERYCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF I'JIASSACHUSETTS FLUID-PRESSURE MOTORApplication filed December 17, 1923. Serial No. 681,148.

My invention relates to pressure fluid motors.

An object of my invention is to provide an improved pres. ire fluidmotor. Another object of my invention is to provide an improved motor ofthe percussive type whereby the piston strolre may be varied. A furtherobject of my invention is to provide an improved pressure fluidpercussive motor espeje cially adapted for drill sharpening purposeswhereby the length of the piston stroke may be automatically varied inaccordance with the requirements of the work. A still further object ofmy invention is to provide an is improved motor of the pressure fluidpercussive type especially adapted for drill sharpening purposes wherebythe point of admission of pressure fluid through the reverse port duringthe forward stroke of the piston may go be automatically varied inaccordance with the requirements of a device actuated thereby.

In the accompanying drawings 1 have shown for purposes of illustrationone form which my invention may assume in practice.

as in these drawings,

l is a central longitudinal vertical sectional view through a motor inwhich illustrative form of my invention is embodied.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to that shown in 3:; Fig. 1 with parts in adiiferent position.

Fig. 3 is central longitudinal vertical sectional view through the frontend of the motor, a drill steel being shown in operative sharpeningposition thereon.

in this illustrative form of my invention I have shown a pressure fluidpercussive upsetting motor, generally designated 1, of the valved typecomprising a cylinder 2 having a bore 3 in which a piston 4 isreciprocable 4 and adapted to percussively actuate a striking pin 5carried in the front end of the motor. T iis striking pin transmits itsblow to a dolly 6 (see Fig. 3) suitably guided on the front end of themotor and held in oper- 5 ative position thereon by a hinged cover 7 andsprings (not shown). Ierein, this dolly 6 is adapted to upset thecutting or bit end a drill steel 8, having a longitudinally 01 extendingaperture 9 arran 'ed therein. suitably rigidly clam tered in operativesharpening or upsetting position by means of a suitable pressure fluidoperated clamping mechanism (not shown) in a well known manner. Herein,it will be noted that a pinning tool 10 provided with tapered punchportion 11 and an enlarged head 12 is'freely slidably in a bore 13 inthe dolly 6 and likewise adapted to be acted on by the striking pin 5 toopen the hole 9 in the drill steel, which is frequently obstructed orentirely closed by the swaging operation which sharpens the wings of thebit previous to the upsetting operation. As illustrated, the piston 4 isprovided with spaced heads 14 and 15, respectively, which are connectedby a reduced portion 16 form ing an annular space 17 in the piston. Theopposite ends of the cylinder are closed by suitable head members 18 and19 which are held in the desired assembled relation by means of siderods (not shown) in the usual manner.

Herein, it will be observed that in order to distribute pressure fluidto and to conduct exhaust fluid away from the ends of the cylinder 2suitable passages 20 and 21 are provided which lead to points adjacentthe opposite ends of the cylinder. The supply and exhaust of fluid whichalternately passes through the passages 20 and 21 is controlled by asuitable valve mechanism, generally designated 22, which comprises acasing or chest 23 in which suitable valve bushings 2 1 are so arrangedas to form a chamber having stepped bores 25 and 26. As illustrated, thepassages 20, 21 communicate with the ends of the intermediate largerbore 26 and terminate in annular grooves 27 and 28 formed in the wallsthereof. Herein, near the 'extremitics of the end bores 25, ports 29 and30 connect reverse or throw passages 31 and 32 with the cylinder atspaced points from the longitudinal center thereof, herein by ports 33and 34. Annular grooves 35 and 36 are formed in the walls of thevalve'chest which communicate by way of ports 37 and 38 with the bores25 and chambers 39 and 40 respectively which communicate with theatmosphere through said suitable passages, not shown. Herein it will benoted that these chambers also lead to exhaust by way of the reversepassages 31, 32 which are adapted to be alternately connected by meansof annular grooves 41 and 42 formed in the piston heads 14, 15 whichcommunicate by way of slots or grooves 43 and 44 with the annular space17. This annular space communicates with exhaust by means of a port 45in the cylinder 2 intermediate its ends.

V'Vi'thin the valve chest is a valve, generally designated 46, which isof the multiple spool type, comprising end spools 47 and a central spool48 which fit the bores 25, 26 respectively, these spools being connectedtogether by reduced portions 49. Herein, the end spools 47 engagebuflers or plugs 50 arranged within the ends of the bores 25 in thevalve bushingsv 24. A pressure fluid supply communicates with an annularspace 51 formed be tween the inner ends of the valve bushings 24 in thecentral part of the valve chest.

In my improved construction it will be observed that the piston 4cooperates with mechanism by means of which the admission of pressurefluid through the reverse passage 32 may be automatically varied inaccordance with the requirements of the work, that is, when differentlength pinning tools or dollies are used. Herein, this mechanismcomprises a bore 52 extending coaxially through the longitudinal axis ofthe piston in which a rod 53 is grooved intermediate its ends as at 54,and is arranged and resiliently held against the rear end of thestriking pin 5 by means of a spring 55 acting between a threaded plug 56and an enlarged collar 57 formed on the rod slidably mounted within abore 58 in the rear cylinder head 18. As illustrated, a plurality ofradially extending ports 59 extend between the bore 52 and an annulargroove 60 in the rear piston head 14, which is adapted to communicate atcertain times with the port 34 leading to the reverse passage 32.

In the operation of my improved mecha nism it will be observed that thedrill steel 8 is placed against the steel engaging end of the dolly 6(see Fig. 3) and is rigidly clamped and centered in that position to beupset or sharpened. The obstruction in the opening 9 in the steel causedby the swaging operation contacts with the punch portion 11 on thepinning tool and causes it to be forced rearwardly as; the steel isplaced against the dolly. This causes the striking pin and consequentlythe piston 4 and the rod 53 tomove rearwardlyto the position shown inFig. 2. Previous to my invention the port 34 leading to the re,- versepassage 32 was closed by the piston head 14 at this time preventing thevalve from being thrown and thereby stalling the motor, but by means ofmy improved mechanism including the groove 54, passages 59, and groove60 pressure fluid is admitted to the port 34 and reverse passage 32thereby reversing the, valve, andmoving the same, to the left (see Fig.2) consequently reversing the movementor the p ston 4, shortening itsstroke but permitting a blow to be delivered to the strikng pin 5. It isobvious that when the piston 1s moved in diflerent positions by thestrikduced that will automatically permit a variak tion of the point ofadmission through the reverse passage thereby varying the reversing ofthe valve and stroke of the piston. It will further be noted that bymeans of my invention varying lengths of pinning out tools andstrikingpins may be used which automatically vary the stroke of thepiston without the possibility of stalling the motor as heretoforeexperienced. These and other objects and advantages will be clearlyapparent to those skilled in the art.

IVhile I have in this application specifically described one form whichmy invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that thisform of the same is shown for purposes of illustration and that theinvention may be modified and embodied in various other forms withoutdeparting from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims. 1

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,piston controlled fluid distribution means for supplying live motivefluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder to effect reciprocation ofsaid piston, an abutment adapted to be actuated by said piston, andmeans actuated by said abutment for automatically varying the stroke ofthe piston in accordance with movement of said abutment relative to saidcylinder while effective operation of said piston is continued.

2. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,piston controlled fluid distribution means for supplying live motivefluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder to effect reciprocation or"said piston, a device adapted to be actuated by said piston, and meanscooperating with said piston and engaging said device for automaticallyvarying the stroke of said piston in accordance with the requirements ofsaid device while permitting continued effective operation of thepiston.

3. In a pressure fluid percussive motor, a cylinder, a pistonre'ciprocable therein, piston controlled fluid distribution means forsup-. plying live motive fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder toeffect reciprocation of said piston, a device adapted to be actuated byin accordance with the position of said device.

5. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,piston contro led fluid distribution means for supplying live motivefluid to the opposite ends of said cy inder to effect reciprocation ofsaid piston, a

device adapted to be actuated by said piston for upsetting a drillsteel, a pinning out tool for a bore in the drill steel, and means forautomatically varying the stroke of said piston in accordance Withmovement of said pinning out tool relative to said cylinder Whilepermitting continuous effective actu tic-n or" said device by saidpiston.

6. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a

- oiston reciprooable therein, valve means for distributing pressurefluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder Whose movements are corolled by said piston in certain predetermined positions of the latter,a device actuated by said piston and Whose position controls the forwardlimit of piston movement, and means controlled thereby tor automatiallyenabling fluid distribution to cause continued eiiective actuation ofsaid device when said device prevents the movement of said piston tothat one of said predetermined positions which is next in its cycle ofmovement.

'" In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a

4. piston rcciproca-ble therein, distribution passages leading to saidcylinder, a valve controlling said passages, a device actuated by saidpiston, and means actuated by said device for varying the stroke of saidpiston While permitting continued effective operation thereof.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,distribution passa -s leading to said cylinder, a valve controningpassages, reverse ports controlling the position of said valvetontrolled by id piston, a device actuated by said piston,

and means controlled by said device tor autoinatically varying the pointof admission to said reverse ports.

9. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,distribution passages leading to said cylinder, avalve con trolling saidpassages, a device actuated by said piston, and means controlled by saiddevice for automatically varying the timing of movements of said valveduring continuous operation of the motor.

10. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciproiabletherein, distribution pasa L in air i erav.-e ges leadn tos lcylnd a vcon s trolling said passages, reverse ports leading from the ends or"said valve to said cylinder and controlled by said piston, a deviceactuated by said piston, and means for ant matica-lly varying theposition of said device for varying the time of admission of pressurefluid to one of said reverse ports during the forward stroke of saidpiston.

11. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, a device actuated by said piston, and meansautomatically controlled by said device for shortening the stroke ofsaid piston While permitting continuous effective operation of the same.

12. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, a device actuated by said piston, and meanscooperating with said piston and automatically controlled by said devicefor shortening the stroke of said piston While permitting continuouseffective operation of the same.

13. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, a device actuated by said piston, and meanscooperating with said piston and automatically controlled by said devicefor varying the time of admission of pressure fluid to one of saiddistribution passages While permitting continued effective rcciprocationof said piston.

14. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, means for distributing pressure fluid to the opposite sides ofsaid piston from a common source, a member adapted to be actuated bysaid piston, and means actuated by said member and cooperating with saidfluid distribution means for varying the stroke of said piston inaccordance ith the position of said member While permitting continuousactuation'of said member.

15. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable in saidcylinder and having a bore therein, a member adapted to be actuated bysaid piston, and means actuated by said member con'iprising a shittablemember extending Within the bore in said piston for automaticallyvarying the stroke of the latter in accordance with the position of saidmember.

16. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, piston controlled fluid distribution means for supplying livemotive fluid to the opposite ends of said cylinder to eflectreciprocation of said piston, an

abutment adapted to be actuated by said piston, and means including aresiliently positioned element extending through the bore of saidcylinder and engageable with said abutment and actuated by the latterfor varying the stroke of said piston in accordance with the position ofsaid abutment.

17. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, a device actuated by said piston, means for distributing fluidto and from said cylinder, a valve controlling said distributing means,means for controlling said valve including a throwing passage, and meansautomatically Varying with the position of said device for varying thetime of admission of pressure fluid to said throwing passage.

18. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, means for distributing fluid to and from said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said distributing means, a reverse port leading from said.cylinder to one end of said valve, a member adapted to be actuated bysaid piston, and means including an element engageable with said memberfor varying the point of admission of live pressure fluid from saidcylinder to said reverse port in accordance with the position of saidmem ber.

19. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, means for distributing fluid to and from said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said distributing means, a reverse port leading from saidcylinder to one end of said valve, a member adapted to be actuated bysaid piston, and means including a resiliently positioned fluidconducting element cooperating with said piston and engageable with saidmember for varying the point of admission oflive pressure fluid fromsaid cylinder to said reverse port in accordance with the position ofsaid member.

20. In a pressure fluid percussive motor, a cylinder, a pistonreciprocable therein, fluid distribution means including distributionpassages leading to said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages,reverse ports leading to the opposite ends of said valve and havingmouths opening into the bore of said cylinder and arranged to beuncovered by the opposite ends of the piston respectively, a deviceactuated by the piston, and means automatically controlled by theposition of said device for effecting admission of throwing fluid to oneof said reverse ports when the mouth thereof is covered by the end ofthe piston.

21. In a pressure fluid percussive motor, a cylinder, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder, distribution passages leading to theopposite ends of said cylinder, fluid supply and exhaust connect-ions, avalve controlling communication between said fluid supply and exhaustconnections and said distribution passages, reverse ports leading to theopposite ends of said valve having mouths opening into the bore of saidcylinder and arranged to be uncovered by the opposite ends of thepistion respectively, the reverse port controlled by the rear end of thepiston being positioned for uncovering by said end as the piston nearsthe forward end of the cylinder, a device actuated by the piston, andmeans automatically controlled by the position of said device foreffecting communication between the cylinder bore and said lastmentioned reverse port when the rear end of the piston is to the rear ofthe mouth of said last mentioned reverse port, whereby fluid may beadmitted to the forward end of the cylinder to effect reciprocation ofthe piston with a shortened stroke.

THORE R. E. RUNDQVIST.

